Recent studies demonstrated the important contribution of NLRP3 to a variety of neurodegenerative diseases, with overexpression of NLRP3 leading to overproduction of IL-1β, IL-18 pro-inflammatory cytokines, and concomitant chronic neuroinflammation throughout the development and progression of neurodegenerative diseases (60). The gene discussed is NLRP3; the disease is neurodegenerative disease.