Subsequent development of the first transgenic SOD1 mouse models indicates that mutations in SOD1 contribute to both onset and progression of ALS and has provided critical insight into underlying glial and motor neuron-mediated disease mechanisms (Bendotti and Carri, 2004; Nardo et al., 2016; Turner and Talbot, 2008). The gene discussed is SOD1; the disease is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.