There have been several immunotherapy regimens used to treat patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but over the past decade, they have mainly focused on anti-programmed death protein-1 (PD-1) and anti-programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) therapies, as well as immune checkpoint blockade therapy (ICB) used to treat these patients (19). Here, CD274 is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.