Several risk factors for the onset and severity of ICI-induced lung toxicities have been suggested, including the primary tumor site of the lung, ICI combination therapy rather than ICI monotherapy, PD-1 inhibitors compared with PD-L1 inhibitors or CTLA-4 inhibitors, and the presence of pleural effusion before treatment (137, 176–179). The gene discussed is CD274; the disease is neoplasm.