Low concentrations of IFN-γ boost CSC stemness through the activation of the PI3K/AKT/NOTCH1 pathway, whereas high levels of IFN-γ induce cancer cell apoptosis through the janus kinase 1 (JAK1)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1)/caspase pathway (129). This evidence concerns the gene JAK1 and cancer.