During the past decade, the development of targeted therapies against specific molecular aberrations (e.g., epidermal growth factor receptor [EGFR] mutations, anaplastic lymphoma kinase [ALK] and ROS1 fusions) has contributed to the improvement of patient prognosis, and targeted therapies have emerged as the standard of care for oncogene-driven NSCLC [1, 2]. This evidence concerns the gene ALK and non-small cell lung carcinoma.