INS and type 2 diabetes mellitus: Fasting glucose was significantly greater in the T2D group compared with others (Ath: 88.1 ± 2.4, Lean: 90.2 ± 1.6, Ob: 93.3 ± 2.1, and T2D: 173.7 ± 12.8 mg/dl; P < 0.0001), whereas insulin concentration was significantly greater in Ob and T2D compared with Ath and Lean (Ath: 6.7 ± 0.7, Lean: 8.8 ± 01.3, Ob: 18.1 ± 2.1, and T2D: 21.5 ± 2.7 kg/m2; P < 0.0001).