Moreover, we demonstrate that MILIP is frequently upregulated in metastatic ccRCCs through activating enhancer binding protein 2 (AP-2) gamma (TFAP2C; also known as AP-2γ)-mediated transcriptional activation, with practical implications of MILIP targeting for preventing ccRCC metastasis. Here, TFAP2C is linked to nonpapillary renal cell carcinoma.