Hallmark gene set analysis (containing 50 gene sets) identified genes involved in cholesterol homeostasis as the most upregulated pathway in AML cells, consistent with prior work40,41, while the second most upregulated pathway was mTORC1 signaling, a well-known biochemical effect of TSC2 loss in AMLs and LAM (Fig. 1h). The gene discussed is TSC1; the disease is acute myeloid leukemia.