HGF and melanoma: With the hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) signaling and production ECM, CAFs form a protective niche by producing fibronectin for cancer cell adhesion to protect cancer cells from apoptosis following treatment with the BRAF inhibitor.[24] To recapitulate these phenomena in the proposed model, we applied vemurafenib (a small‐molecule inhibitor of BRAF(V600E) kinase approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of BRAF‐mutant melanoma) to the printed melanoma spheroids (Figure 3Di).