IL1B and infection: Our data showed that ECHO 11 infection or LPS/Nigericin treatment induced pro-IL-1β maturation, and CASP-1/GSDMD cleavages in THP-1 cells, and these activations were remarkably attenuated by knocking down either one of the NLRP3 inflammasome components and pyroptosis (Figs 3D and 3E and S6).