Moreover, low expression of the VCX3A gene was reported in infertile cryptorchid males,52 and deletion of a region including this gene was noted in cases with congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism,78 which indicates that the identified variant may also be associated with spermatogenesis disruption, leading to azoospermia. Here, VCX3A is linked to Azoospermia.