TLR4 and Decreased liver function: Liver dysfunction, including liver steatosis and cholestasis, is a common complication in the occurrence of IBD, during which a series of intestinal toxins would go into the liver through the hepatoenteric circulation and activate the proinflammatory signaling pathways, such as the LPS/TLR4/NF-κB and JAK2/STAT3 pathways, thereby inducing the liver damaged [28].