The decreased IFN-γ observed in the mono-infected group may be attributed to the acute or early chronic phase of HIV infection [63], while the presence of herpes virus co-infection may lead to increased IFN-γ and Th-1 response, which is also supported by correlation analysis, where IFN-γ expression correlated with IL-2 and TGF- β1. This evidence concerns the gene NELFCD and HIV infectious disease.