AFP and hepatocellular carcinoma: As shown in Table 3, for early-stage HCC patients when analyzed by multivariate logistic regression, antiviral therapy (OR: 0.632, 95%CI: 0.463–0.865, p = 0.004) and gender (OR: 0.549, 95%CI: 0.358–0.842, p = 0.006) were independently negatively associated with elevated AFP; HBeAg (OR: 1.535, 95%CI: 1.080–2.182, p = 0.017) and AST > 1× ULN (OR: 1.780, 95%CI: 1.262–2.510, p = 0.001) were independently positively associated with elevated AFP (OR > 1, p < 0.05).