Our present study showed that factors associated with abnormally elevated AFP in non-HCC were predominantly reflecting the status of viral replication of HBV, inflammatory damage, and function (e.g., with antiviral therapy, HBV DNA (−), ALT > 1× ULN, AST > 1× ULN, cirrhosis, albumin, and TBIL levels) in liver. This evidence concerns the gene AFP and hepatocellular carcinoma.