Treatment with R848 (an agonist of TLR7 and TLR8)-loaded β-cyclodextrin NPs (CDNP-R848) can drive M1 polarization of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in the TME in multiple mouse tumor models (e.g., tumors caused by mouse colon adenocarcinoma cell line MC-38 and melanoma cell line B16-F10) [150]. Here, TLR7 is linked to neoplasm.