Notably, a clinical study revealed that silymarin treatment in hepatocellular carcinoma patients also arrests the cell cycle pathway by down-regulating expression of the DNA topoisomerase 2-binding protein 1 (TOPBP1), the nucleolar and spindle-associated protein 1 (NUSAP1) and the cell division cycle-associated 3 protein (CDCA3), which are important for mitotic progression and regulation [172]. The gene discussed is CDCA3; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.