RAF1 and liver cancer: It has been continuously reported that the activation of TGR5 by bile acids mediated the cAMP-PKA-CREB, JAK2-STAT3, cAMP-PKA-RhoA, and cAMP-PKA-CREP signaling pathways, affecting the proliferation and migration of lung cancer, liver cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, endometrial cancer, breast cancer, and pancreatic cancer through regulating some special gene and protein expression, such as Raf, GSK3, FAK, Yap, cMyc, IL-6R, EGFR, EPAS, SOCS3, MMP7, and MMP14.