SOD1 and diabetes mellitus: The expression of antioxidant gene CAT, SOD1, glutathione, and glutathione peroxidase in hippocampal tissue were significantly increased in streptozotocin-induced diabetes Wistar rats fed with daily oral gavage of Urtica dioica leaves hydroalcoholic extract (50 mg/kg body weight) for six weeks, compared to diabetes rats without treatment with the extract.