TNF and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: The study design (randomized controlled clinical trial); the diagnosis of OSA through an attended overnight in-hospital PSG; the evaluation of patients’ inflammatory status through TNF-a, which is considered a key modulator of systemic inflammation and an important biomarker for the onset and progression of OSA; and the implementation of a well-designed, feasible, multicomponent behavioral lifestyle intervention based on the health-promoting Mediterranean pattern are strong points of the present work.