GDF15 and heart failure: In people with diabetes, GDF-15 seems to be a marker of impaired fasting glucose, and its higher levels are correlated with an increased risk for several adverse outcomes, such as progression of albuminuria in T2DM patients [90], eGFR decline and CV risk in T1DM patients [91], and early death in patients in haemodialysis [92], and it is associated with heart failure in general population [93].