ATR and rectal carcinoma: As a tumor suppressor, CIRBP decreases the proliferation in rectal carcinoma cells and ovarian cancer cells by binds the 5′ and 3′-UTRs of mRNAs, as well as poly U sequences at the 3′-ends to regulate the polyadenylation and 3′-end cleavage, and increases the translational efficiency of DNA damage response genes ATR, Trx-1, and RPA2 [28].