Nevertheless, a protective role for IFN-γ in RA progression has been proposed, since this cytokine inhibits TNF-α-dependent proliferation of synoviocytes, collagenase production, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) secretion, and neutrophil migration into the joints [16]. The gene discussed is CSF2; the disease is rheumatoid arthritis.