TGFB1 and cancer: To analyze the effect of PSMs on different signal pathways, we performed a PCR array using RT2 ProfilerTM PCR Array Human Signal Transduction Pathway Finder, which includes primers for 84 target genes of signaling pathways activated in cancer cells, in particular, WNT/β-catenin; NF-κB; Notch; Hedgehog; PPAR; p53; TGF-β; STAT/JAK and HIF.