INS and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: In this paper, the specific mechanism of mTOR on NAFLD and the relationship between each of the influencing factors are reviewed regarding lipid metabolism (SREBPs), insulin resistance (Foxo1, Lipin1), oxidative stress (PIG3/P53/JNK), intestinal microbiota (TLRs), autophagy, inflammation, genetic polymorphism, and crown genetics.