NLRP3 and infectious disease: Particularly, a randomized human study of low-frequency (once-per week) 24-h water-only intermittent fasting showed that fasting increased galectin-3 level over a moderate term and this protein involved in host defence to infectious diseases [127,128] in that it stimulates anti-inflammatory effects by modulating nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) and the NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome [129], which should inhibit the hyper-inflammation associated with COVID-19.