MMP2 and breast carcinoma: VLDLR II is overexpressed in lymph node and distant metastasis in gastric and breast cancer patients, promoting cell proliferation and migration.ATRA attenuates proliferation and migration through significant decreases in VLDLR II, while PMA has the opposite effect on VLDLR II, which activates β-catenin/TCF signaling and modulation of MMP-2 and MMP-9.