AKT1 and myocardial infarction: Similar inhibitory effects of the PI3K/Akt pathway were described by another study to be the cardioprotective mechanism of GA; Chu et al. [181] reported that GA alleviates oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in a mice model of myocardial infarction via PI3K/Akt pathway inhibition while also decreasing Ca2+ influx through L-type calcium channels, thus reducing cell contractility.