Multiple-omics high-throughput sequencing has been used to identify several driver genes in ESCC, for example, mutations, deletions and amplifications of TP53, ZNF750, NOTCH1, NFE2L2, TP63 and SOX2 genes have frequently been identified in ESCC specimens, constituting the most common genomic features of ESCC [16,17]. Here, NFE2L2 is linked to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.