Evidence indicate that inflammation and, in particular, high levels of TNF-α, IL-β and IL-6 are factors involved in the development of type-1 diabetes [31,38], and TNF- α, IL-1, IL-6, IL-10, leptin, and adiponectin are the factors involved in the development of type-2 diabetes [31,39]. The gene discussed is ADIPOQ; the disease is type 1 diabetes mellitus.