IKKε stimulates the K63-ubiquitination activity of the TRAF2-cIAP1 and TRAF2-cIAP2 complexes by phosphorylation of serine 11 on TRAF2 resulting in NFκB activation and various protumoral effects in vitro and in vivo, such as increased cell proliferation, anchorage-independent colony formation, and enhanced tumor formation [66,240]. Here, NFKB1 is linked to neoplasm.