Recent studies have shown that the abnormal expression and activation of the transcription factor nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) and its major negative regulator Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) are observed at different stages of PDAC, and are involved in tumor development, metastasis, and drug resistance [170,171]. The gene discussed is KEAP1; the disease is neoplasm.