In contrast, obesity triggers the secretion of cytokines involved in osteoporosis, negative vessel remodeling, and inflammation with increased leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), IL1β, CCL2, leptin, interferon gamma (IFNγ), IL6, and TNFα [66,121,159,174,175]. Here, IFNG is linked to obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.