The study utilized a Gli1CreER/+; R26LSL-SmoM2-YFP/+; PB-MYC/+ mouse model, in which constitutively active SMO-M2 was expressed in GLI1-expressing stromal cells after tamoxifen administration, demonstrating that pathway activity in tumor stromal cells inhibited cancer formation and growth as compared with control mice. Here, GLI1 is linked to neoplasm.