After stratifying patients according to the occurrence of ARDS during hospitalization, at the Tpost, both ARDS and non-ARDS groups showed a reduction of plasma NfL levels compared to baseline (ARDS group: 28.1 [14.9–41.4] and 17.2 [12.6–23.3] pg/mL, respectively, p = 0.0095; non-ARDS group: 14.4 [8.9–26.7] and 9.7 [6.1–14.3] pg/mL, respectively, p = 0.0001) (Figure 2D and 2E, respectively). This evidence concerns the gene NEFL and acute respiratory distress syndrome.