TGFB1 and neoplasm: Low-dose (LD) irradiation with lower than 2 Gy, in contrast to ablative stereotactic radio surgery (SRS) and immunomodulatory SBRT, mainly impact on the tumor microenvironment through normalization of the tumor vascularity [90], better infiltration of immune cells, down-regulation of TGF-β [91] and polarization of macrophages to the M1 phenotype [92].