Gene ontology analysis of DNA biomarkers revealed terms already known to be associated with anti-TNF therapy non-response in rheumatoid arthritis, namely, terms connected to the definition of non-response or anti-TNF therapy, such as inflammation, tumor necrosis factor alpha, NF-κB signaling, IL-1, IL-2, IL-6 and IL-27. Here, TNF is linked to rheumatoid arthritis.