In addition, low-grade chronic inflammation also plays an important role in the development of metabolic diseases; therefore, the balance between the response of Th17/Treg cells is regulated by the levels of ROS, inflammatory cytokines, certain metabolic factors, and epigenetic control, which allow for metabolic reprogramming, protection against disease, or the activation of complex mechanisms such as the inflammasome, which regulates insulin resistance and inflammation. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is metabolic disease.