MOG and neuromyelitis optica: Thanks to the refinement of the new-generation cell-based assays (CBAs), autoantibodies against full-length human MOG protein (MOG-IgG) have been detected in some patients with inflammatory demyelinating diseases (IDDs) of the central nervous system, such as multiple sclerosis (MS) [5], aqueporin4 (AQP4)-IgG-negative neuromyelitis optica (NMO) [6,7], and acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) [8].