CD4 and neoplasm: Despite these seemingly dispensable effects of Ruxo on TNF production in these immune cells, they (in particular, CD8+ TILs and macrophages, and likely, other immune cells) still produce an abundant amount of TNF, highly comparable to that of CD4+ TILs (Fig. 6e), which can contribute to the overall T cell-dependent anti-tumor responses elicited by Ruxo therapy.