STAMBP and Prader-Willi syndrome: As hypothalamic α-MSH and its cognate receptors play a major role in regulating energy balance and glucose homeostasis (Wallingford et al, 2009; Shah et al, 2014; Schneeberger et al, 2015; Tooke et al, 2019), a disruption in the central melanocortin system in PWS may cause behaviral and neuroendocrine changes.