Higher levels of binding IgG were observed in immune sera from the m-cNA-M2e VLP group than those from the mono VLP group (cN1, cN2, and 5×M2e), after infection of MDCK cells with A/NC H3N2, A/Cal H1N1, rgA/VN H5N1 viruses (Fig 7A–7C). Here, PPP3CA is linked to infection.