However, patients with familial ALS (fALS) account for ~10% of cases; fALS patients have a known family history of ALS and/or harbour an inherited mutation in known disease-causing genes such as: SOD1, C9orf72, NEK1, ATXN2, and/or TARDBP [2]. The gene discussed is SOD1; the disease is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.