TGFB1 and colorectal carcinoma: Table 1 shows the significant modulation of genes after treatment with heteronemin, tetrac, or their combination. Additionally, the expressions of genes and growth factor pathways associated with CRC progression, such as EGFR, TGFB1, transforming growth factor-β receptor 2 (TGFBR2), and tumor protein 53 (TP53), were significantly reduced by combined treatment (Table 2). Although KRAS expression was not statistically significantly reduced, it showed decreased expressions after different treatments. These studies illustrated that EGFR might be an important target of heteronemin and tetrac.