AFP and hepatocellular carcinoma: Given the promising results observed in patients with viral-induced chronic liver disease, we investigated the diagnostic accuracy of serum LC-SPIK in comparison and in combination with standard serologic biomarkers (i.e., alpha-fetoprotein, AFP; and protein induced by vitamin K absence or antagonist-II, PIVKA-II) [11] for the detection of HCC in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) cirrhosis.