The RUNX1 gene is frequently deregulated in childhood B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP-ALL), where the ETV6-RUNX1 translocation causes an overexpression of the RUNX1 gene [29,30,31], on the other hand this gene can also be aberrantly expressed in T-ALL cases, where it is reported to be oncogenic in the T-cell lineage and to cause lymphoma in mice [32]. This evidence concerns the gene RUNX1 and acute lymphoblastic leukemia.