Many studies have focused on targeting HIF-1 as an anti-cancer treatment and this has been extensively reviewed elsewhere.86 Indeed, HIF-1 inhibition has shown promising anti-tumourigenic effects in renal,87,88 hepatocellular,89 and breast cancers.90 Downregulation of HIF1 in a mouse model ischaemia/reperfusion attenuated cardiac injury after reperfusion.91 Interestingly, treatment with Belzutifan, an inhibitor of the HIF2 isoform, has shown promising anti-tumourigenic effects in renal cancer, was shown to attenuate pulmonary hypertension and fibrosis in mice with a VHL mutation.92 The gene discussed is HIF1A; the disease is breast carcinoma.