INS and type 2 diabetes mellitus: Using network pharmacology to explore the mechanism of DCHD in preventing and treating T2DM, it was found that DCHD may be closely related to tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling pathway, PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, p53 signaling pathway and apoptotic signaling pathway, and then play a role in regulating inflammatory response, improving insulin resistance and inhibiting pancreatic β-cell apoptosis (Ren et al., 2020; Zhao and Xu, 2020; Zhang S. W. et al., 2021).