CCL5 and melanoma: In these beclin 1 (BECN1)-defective tumor cells, the MAPK8/JNK-JUN/c-Jun signaling pathway is activated, leading to the overexpression and secretion of the CCL5 cytokine in TME, which upregulates NK-cell activator NKp46 to facilitate NK cells’ antitumor immunity and is correlated with increased survival of melanoma patients.