APOE and multiple sclerosis: Furthermore, despite two large meta-analyses showing no connection between the APOE ε4 allele and the risk of multiple sclerosis [58] or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) [59], studies by Gelman and colleagues as well as Lacomblez and co-authors on patients with multiple sclerosis and ALS, respectively, revealed lower levels of serum apoE in both patient categories compared to healthy individuals [60], as well as a negative correlation between plasma apoE levels and survival [61].